Author(s): Ayako Umeda* and Etsuro Shimizu
Following technological advances, autonomous and remote-controlled ships are performing trials in some sea areas; a mandatory goal-based MASS code, expected to enter into force on 1 January 2032, is under discussion in the International Maritime Organization (IMO). This paper outlines the regulatory framework for MASS, followed by a discussion of its application, considering the differences between MASS and automated driving, and how to develop safety management and operation using standards for automated driving. A requirements management framework developed as a system and software engineering standards to build safety management and operation of MASS is proposed. The proposed framework enables processes to manage requirements in a traceable manner using industrial standard for systems and software engineering. Additionally, Safety of the Intended Functionality (SOTIF) developed for automated driving is used to determine Operational Design Domain (ODD) of MASS and operating limitations of each system. It was also proposed that hazards that could not be identified through SOTIF activities would be registered as vulnerabilities in the database that manages information of casualties in a unified manner at IMO.